KB

Bash -- pliki konfiguracyjne

Mon, 30 Jun 2025 13:02:03 +0200

Po zalogowaniu system uruchamia domyślna powłokę. Jeśli jest nią Bash, zagląda do ~/.bash_profile, a jeżeli go nie ma do ~/.profile.

Jeżeli w powłoce uruchomisz nową powłokę interaktywną zostanie przeczytany ~/.bashrc.

Dla spójności można czytać przy logowaniu wszystkie pliki w jednym miejscu.

~/.bash_profile:

if [ -r ~/.profile ]; then
 . ~/.profile
fi

case "$-" in
 *i*)
 if [ -r ~/.bashrc ]; then
 . ~/.bashrc
 fi
;;
esac

More information

Refs

ViM -- sprawdzanie pisowni

Fri, 09 May 2025 18:51:49 +0200

Włączanie/wyłączanie

:set spell spelllang=pl

:set nospell

Jeśli nie masz w systemie odpowiedniego słownika, przy pierwszym wywołaniu ViM podejmie próbę ściągnięcia go do wybranego katalogu.

spellfile#LoadFile(): There is no writable spell directory.
Shall I create /home/user/.vim/spell
(Y)es, [N]o: y

Cannot find spell file for "pl" in utf-8
Do you want me to try downloading it?
(Y)es, [N]o: y

Downloading pl.utf-8.spl...
:!wget 'https://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/vim/runtime/spell/pl.utf-8.spl' -q -O '/tmp/vnIiPZr/0.spl'
"/tmp/vnIiPZr/0.spl" [noeol] 5796L, 1650849B
In which directory do you want to write the file:
1. /home/user/.vim/spell
[C]ancel, (1): 1

"~/.vim/spell/pl.utf-8.spl" [New] 5796L, 1650850B [w]
Do you want me to try getting the .sug file?
This will improve making suggestions for spelling mistakes,
but it uses quite a bit of memory.
[N]o, (Y)es: n

Używanie

]s: skocz do następnego misspelled word
]s: skocz do poprzedniego misspelled word
]S: skocz do następnego bad word
]S: skocz do poprzedniego bad word
]s: pokaż proponowane poprawki
zg: dodaj słowo pod kursorem do mojego słownika

More information

Słownik możesz też wykorzystać do znalezienia słowa w trakcie pisania. W Insert mode użyj skrótu C-X C-K.

XF86 -- multimedia key symbols

Mon, 28 Apr 2025 20:21:20 +0200

XF86keysym.h - X.org X11Proto protocol headers:

/*
 * XFree86 vendor specific keysyms.
 *
 * The XFree86 keysym range is 0x10080001 - 0x1008FFFF.
 *
 * X.Org will not be adding to the XF86 set of keysyms, though they have
 * been adopted and are considered a "standard" part of X keysym definitions.
 * XFree86 never properly commented these keysyms, so we have done our
 * best to explain the semantic meaning of these keys.
 *
 * XFree86 has removed their mail archives of the period, that might have
 * shed more light on some of these definitions. Until/unless we resurrect
 * these archives, these are from memory and usage.
 */

/*
 * ModeLock
 *
 * This one is old, and not really used any more since XKB offers this
 * functionality.
 */

#define XF86XK_ModeLock 0x1008FF01 /* Mode Switch Lock */

/* Backlight controls. */
#define XF86XK_MonBrightnessUp 0x1008FF02 /* Monitor/panel brightness */
#define XF86XK_MonBrightnessDown 0x1008FF03 /* Monitor/panel brightness */
#define XF86XK_KbdLightOnOff 0x1008FF04 /* Keyboards may be lit */
#define XF86XK_KbdBrightnessUp 0x1008FF05 /* Keyboards may be lit */
#define XF86XK_KbdBrightnessDown 0x1008FF06 /* Keyboards may be lit */

/*
 * Keys found on some "Internet" keyboards.
 */
#define XF86XK_Standby 0x1008FF10 /* System into standby mode */
#define XF86XK_AudioLowerVolume 0x1008FF11 /* Volume control down */
#define XF86XK_AudioMute 0x1008FF12 /* Mute sound from the system */
#define XF86XK_AudioRaiseVolume 0x1008FF13 /* Volume control up */
#define XF86XK_AudioPlay 0x1008FF14 /* Start playing of audio > */
#define XF86XK_AudioStop 0x1008FF15 /* Stop playing audio */
#define XF86XK_AudioPrev 0x1008FF16 /* Previous track */
#define XF86XK_AudioNext 0x1008FF17 /* Next track */
#define XF86XK_HomePage 0x1008FF18 /* Display user's home page */
#define XF86XK_Mail 0x1008FF19 /* Invoke user's mail program */
#define XF86XK_Start 0x1008FF1A /* Start application */
#define XF86XK_Search 0x1008FF1B /* Search */
#define XF86XK_AudioRecord 0x1008FF1C /* Record audio application */

/* These are sometimes found on PDA's (e.g. Palm, PocketPC or elsewhere) */
#define XF86XK_Calculator 0x1008FF1D /* Invoke calculator program */
#define XF86XK_Memo 0x1008FF1E /* Invoke Memo taking program */
#define XF86XK_ToDoList 0x1008FF1F /* Invoke To Do List program */
#define XF86XK_Calendar 0x1008FF20 /* Invoke Calendar program */
#define XF86XK_PowerDown 0x1008FF21 /* Deep sleep the system */
#define XF86XK_ContrastAdjust 0x1008FF22 /* Adjust screen contrast */
#define XF86XK_RockerUp 0x1008FF23 /* Rocker switches exist up */
#define XF86XK_RockerDown 0x1008FF24 /* and down */
#define XF86XK_RockerEnter 0x1008FF25 /* and let you press them */

/* Some more "Internet" keyboard symbols */
#define XF86XK_Back 0x1008FF26 /* Like back on a browser */
#define XF86XK_Forward 0x1008FF27 /* Like forward on a browser */
#define XF86XK_Stop 0x1008FF28 /* Stop current operation */
#define XF86XK_Refresh 0x1008FF29 /* Refresh the page */
#define XF86XK_PowerOff 0x1008FF2A /* Power off system entirely */
#define XF86XK_WakeUp 0x1008FF2B /* Wake up system from sleep */
#define XF86XK_Eject 0x1008FF2C /* Eject device (e.g. DVD) */
#define XF86XK_ScreenSaver 0x1008FF2D /* Invoke screensaver */
#define XF86XK_WWW 0x1008FF2E /* Invoke web browser */
#define XF86XK_Sleep 0x1008FF2F /* Put system to sleep */
#define XF86XK_Favorites 0x1008FF30 /* Show favorite locations */
#define XF86XK_AudioPause 0x1008FF31 /* Pause audio playing */
#define XF86XK_AudioMedia 0x1008FF32 /* Launch media collection app */
#define XF86XK_MyComputer 0x1008FF33 /* Display "My Computer" window */
#define XF86XK_VendorHome 0x1008FF34 /* Display vendor home web site */
#define XF86XK_LightBulb 0x1008FF35 /* Light bulb keys exist */
#define XF86XK_Shop 0x1008FF36 /* Display shopping web site */
#define XF86XK_History 0x1008FF37 /* Show history of web surfing */
#define XF86XK_OpenURL 0x1008FF38 /* Open selected URL */
#define XF86XK_AddFavorite 0x1008FF39 /* Add URL to favorites list */
#define XF86XK_HotLinks 0x1008FF3A /* Show "hot" links */
#define XF86XK_BrightnessAdjust 0x1008FF3B /* Invoke brightness adj. UI */
#define XF86XK_Finance 0x1008FF3C /* Display financial site */
#define XF86XK_Community 0x1008FF3D /* Display user's community */
#define XF86XK_AudioRewind 0x1008FF3E /* "rewind" audio track */
#define XF86XK_BackForward 0x1008FF3F /* ??? */
#define XF86XK_Launch0 0x1008FF40 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_Launch1 0x1008FF41 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_Launch2 0x1008FF42 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_Launch3 0x1008FF43 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_Launch4 0x1008FF44 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_Launch5 0x1008FF45 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_Launch6 0x1008FF46 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_Launch7 0x1008FF47 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_Launch8 0x1008FF48 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_Launch9 0x1008FF49 /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_LaunchA 0x1008FF4A /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_LaunchB 0x1008FF4B /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_LaunchC 0x1008FF4C /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_LaunchD 0x1008FF4D /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_LaunchE 0x1008FF4E /* Launch Application */
#define XF86XK_LaunchF 0x1008FF4F /* Launch Application */

#define XF86XK_ApplicationLeft 0x1008FF50 /* switch to application, left */
#define XF86XK_ApplicationRight 0x1008FF51 /* switch to application, right*/
#define XF86XK_Book 0x1008FF52 /* Launch bookreader */
#define XF86XK_CD 0x1008FF53 /* Launch CD/DVD player */
#define XF86XK_Calculater 0x1008FF54 /* Launch Calculater */
#define XF86XK_Clear 0x1008FF55 /* Clear window, screen */
#define XF86XK_Close 0x1008FF56 /* Close window */
#define XF86XK_Copy 0x1008FF57 /* Copy selection */
#define XF86XK_Cut 0x1008FF58 /* Cut selection */
#define XF86XK_Display 0x1008FF59 /* Output switch key */
#define XF86XK_DOS 0x1008FF5A /* Launch DOS (emulation) */
#define XF86XK_Documents 0x1008FF5B /* Open documents window */
#define XF86XK_Excel 0x1008FF5C /* Launch spread sheet */
#define XF86XK_Explorer 0x1008FF5D /* Launch file explorer */
#define XF86XK_Game 0x1008FF5E /* Launch game */
#define XF86XK_Go 0x1008FF5F /* Go to URL */
#define XF86XK_iTouch 0x1008FF60 /* Logitch iTouch- don't use */
#define XF86XK_LogOff 0x1008FF61 /* Log off system */
#define XF86XK_Market 0x1008FF62 /* ?? */
#define XF86XK_Meeting 0x1008FF63 /* enter meeting in calendar */
#define XF86XK_MenuKB 0x1008FF65 /* distingush keyboard from PB */
#define XF86XK_MenuPB 0x1008FF66 /* distinuish PB from keyboard */
#define XF86XK_MySites 0x1008FF67 /* Favourites */
#define XF86XK_New 0x1008FF68 /* New (folder, document... */
#define XF86XK_News 0x1008FF69 /* News */
#define XF86XK_OfficeHome 0x1008FF6A /* Office home (old Staroffice)*/
#define XF86XK_Open 0x1008FF6B /* Open */
#define XF86XK_Option 0x1008FF6C /* ?? */
#define XF86XK_Paste 0x1008FF6D /* Paste */
#define XF86XK_Phone 0x1008FF6E /* Launch phone; dial number */
#define XF86XK_Q 0x1008FF70 /* Compaq's Q - don't use */
#define XF86XK_Reply 0x1008FF72 /* Reply e.g., mail */
#define XF86XK_Reload 0x1008FF73 /* Reload web page, file, etc. */
#define XF86XK_RotateWindows 0x1008FF74 /* Rotate windows e.g. xrandr */
#define XF86XK_RotationPB 0x1008FF75 /* don't use */
#define XF86XK_RotationKB 0x1008FF76 /* don't use */
#define XF86XK_Save 0x1008FF77 /* Save (file, document, state */
#define XF86XK_ScrollUp 0x1008FF78 /* Scroll window/contents up */
#define XF86XK_ScrollDown 0x1008FF79 /* Scrool window/contentd down */
#define XF86XK_ScrollClick 0x1008FF7A /* Use XKB mousekeys instead */
#define XF86XK_Send 0x1008FF7B /* Send mail, file, object */
#define XF86XK_Spell 0x1008FF7C /* Spell checker */
#define XF86XK_SplitScreen 0x1008FF7D /* Split window or screen */
#define XF86XK_Support 0x1008FF7E /* Get support (??) */
#define XF86XK_TaskPane 0x1008FF7F /* Show tasks */
#define XF86XK_Terminal 0x1008FF80 /* Launch terminal emulator */
#define XF86XK_Tools 0x1008FF81 /* toolbox of desktop/app. */
#define XF86XK_Travel 0x1008FF82 /* ?? */
#define XF86XK_UserPB 0x1008FF84 /* ?? */
#define XF86XK_User1KB 0x1008FF85 /* ?? */
#define XF86XK_User2KB 0x1008FF86 /* ?? */
#define XF86XK_Video 0x1008FF87 /* Launch video player */
#define XF86XK_WheelButton 0x1008FF88 /* button from a mouse wheel */
#define XF86XK_Word 0x1008FF89 /* Launch word processor */
#define XF86XK_Xfer 0x1008FF8A
#define XF86XK_ZoomIn 0x1008FF8B /* zoom in view, map, etc. */
#define XF86XK_ZoomOut 0x1008FF8C /* zoom out view, map, etc. */

#define XF86XK_Away 0x1008FF8D /* mark yourself as away */
#define XF86XK_Messenger 0x1008FF8E /* as in instant messaging */
#define XF86XK_WebCam 0x1008FF8F /* Launch web camera app. */
#define XF86XK_MailForward 0x1008FF90 /* Forward in mail */
#define XF86XK_Pictures 0x1008FF91 /* Show pictures */
#define XF86XK_Music 0x1008FF92 /* Launch music application */

#define XF86XK_Battery 0x1008FF93 /* Display battery information */
#define XF86XK_Bluetooth 0x1008FF94 /* Enable/disable Bluetooth */
#define XF86XK_WLAN 0x1008FF95 /* Enable/disable WLAN */
#define XF86XK_UWB 0x1008FF96 /* Enable/disable UWB */

#define XF86XK_AudioForward 0x1008FF97 /* fast-forward audio track */
#define XF86XK_AudioRepeat 0x1008FF98 /* toggle repeat mode */
#define XF86XK_AudioRandomPlay 0x1008FF99 /* toggle shuffle mode */
#define XF86XK_Subtitle 0x1008FF9A /* cycle through subtitle */
#define XF86XK_AudioCycleTrack 0x1008FF9B /* cycle through audio tracks */
#define XF86XK_CycleAngle 0x1008FF9C /* cycle through angles */
#define XF86XK_FrameBack 0x1008FF9D /* video: go one frame back */
#define XF86XK_FrameForward 0x1008FF9E /* video: go one frame forward */
#define XF86XK_Time 0x1008FF9F /* display, or shows an entry for time seeking */
#define XF86XK_Select 0x1008FFA0 /* Select button on joypads and remotes */
#define XF86XK_View 0x1008FFA1 /* Show a view options/properties */
#define XF86XK_TopMenu 0x1008FFA2 /* Go to a top-level menu in a video */

#define XF86XK_Red 0x1008FFA3 /* Red button */
#define XF86XK_Green 0x1008FFA4 /* Green button */
#define XF86XK_Yellow 0x1008FFA5 /* Yellow button */
#define XF86XK_Blue 0x1008FFA6 /* Blue button */

#define XF86XK_Suspend 0x1008FFA7 /* Sleep to RAM */
#define XF86XK_Hibernate 0x1008FFA8 /* Sleep to disk */
#define XF86XK_TouchpadToggle 0x1008FFA9 /* Toggle between touchpad/trackstick */
#define XF86XK_TouchpadOn 0x1008FFB0 /* The touchpad got switched on */
#define XF86XK_TouchpadOff 0x1008FFB1 /* The touchpad got switched off */

#define XF86XK_AudioMicMute 0x1008FFB2 /* Mute the Mic from the system */

#define XF86XK_Keyboard 0x1008FFB3 /* User defined keyboard related action */

#define XF86XK_WWAN 0x1008FFB4 /* Toggle WWAN (LTE, UMTS, etc.) radio */
#define XF86XK_RFKill 0x1008FFB5 /* Toggle radios on/off */

#define XF86XK_AudioPreset 0x1008FFB6 /* Select equalizer preset, e.g. theatre-mode */

/* Keys for special action keys (hot keys) */
/* Virtual terminals on some operating systems */
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_1 0x1008FE01
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_2 0x1008FE02
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_3 0x1008FE03
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_4 0x1008FE04
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_5 0x1008FE05
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_6 0x1008FE06
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_7 0x1008FE07
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_8 0x1008FE08
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_9 0x1008FE09
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_10 0x1008FE0A
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_11 0x1008FE0B
#define XF86XK_Switch_VT_12 0x1008FE0C

#define XF86XK_Ungrab 0x1008FE20 /* force ungrab */
#define XF86XK_ClearGrab 0x1008FE21 /* kill application with grab */
#define XF86XK_Next_VMode 0x1008FE22 /* next video mode available */
#define XF86XK_Prev_VMode 0x1008FE23 /* prev. video mode available */
#define XF86XK_LogWindowTree 0x1008FE24 /* print window tree to log */
#define XF86XK_LogGrabInfo 0x1008FE25 /* print all active grabs to log */

More information

Refs

Miller i CSV

Sat, 19 Apr 2025 15:47:10 +0200

Miller is like awk, sed, cut, join, and sort for name-indexed data such as CSV, TSV, and tabular JSON

Firefox - PIP

Fri, 11 Apr 2025 22:01:41 +0200

Obsługa funkcji „Obraz w obrazie”

hledger

Fri, 14 Mar 2025 21:05:51 +0100

Instalacja skompilowanych plików z GitHuba

SSH - host key

Mon, 10 Mar 2025 14:13:45 +0100

$ ssh user@server.bogus.corp
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!
Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!
It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.
The fingerprint for the ED25519 key sent by the remote host is
SHA256:0bVGdPJg1nDjnB1Na7iTCReag1Y8YI0BvTZKvFb0gus.
Please contact your system administrator.
Add correct host key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.
Offending ED25519 key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:351
Host key for 203.0.113.1 has changed and you have requested strict checking.
Host key verification failed.

$ sed -i '351d' ~/.ssh/known_hosts

More information

Refs

MikroTik - downgrade

Sat, 01 Mar 2025 23:02:15 +0100

Sprawdź aktualną konfigurację:

[admin@MikroTik] > system/resource/print
 uptime: 11m11s
 version: 7.18 (stable)
 build-time: 2025-02-24 08:47:02
 factory-software: 6.46.4
 free-memory: 191.8MiB
 total-memory: 256.0MiB
 cpu: MIPS 1004Kc V2.15
 cpu-count: 4
 cpu-frequency: 880MHz
 cpu-load: 0%
 free-hdd-space: 3752.0KiB
 total-hdd-space: 16.0MiB
 write-sect-since-reboot: 859
 write-sect-total: 13944283
 architecture-name: mmips
 board-name: hEX S
 platform: MikroTik

Ściągnij wcześniejsze wersje pakietów:

[admin@MikroTik] > tool/fetch url=https://download.mikrotik.com/routeros/7.17.2/routeros-7.17.2-mmips.npk
 status: finished
 downloaded: 10062KiB
 total: 10062KiB
 duration: 4s
[admin@MikroTik] > tool/fetch url=https://download.mikrotik.com/routeros/7.17.2/wireless-7.17.2-mmips.npk
 status: finished
 downloaded: 1392KiB
 total: 1392KiB
 duration: 1s

Zainstaluj:

IPsec VPN

Thu, 13 Feb 2025 21:57:31 +0100

Certyfikaty są wydawane przez fikcyjne BogusCorp CA. Certyfikat CA boguscorpCert.pem musi być obecny we wszystkich punktach końcowych VPN.

Generowanie certyfikatu CA

pki --gen --type ed25519 --outform pem > boguscorpKey.pe

pki --self --ca --lifetime 3652 --in boguscorpKey.pem \
 --dn "C=CH, O=bogusCorp, CN=bogusCorp Root CA" \
 --outform pem > boguscorpCert.pem

Generowanie CA dla punktu końcowego

pki --gen --type ed25519 --outform pem > MarySueKey.pem

pki --req --type priv --in MarySueKey.pem \
 --dn "C=CH, O=boguscorp, CN=MarySue.bogus.corp" \
 --san MarySue.bogus.corp --outform pem > MarySueReq.pem

pki --issue --cacert boguscorpCert.pem --cakey boguscorpKey.pem \
 --type pkcs10 --in MarySueReq.pem --serial 01 --lifetime 1826 \
 --outform pem > MarySueCert.pem

Konfiguracja połączenia

Host-to-Host

| 192.168.0.1 | <=> | 192.168.0.2 |
 MarySue GaryStu

/etc/swanctl/x509ca/boguscorpCert.pem
/etc/swanctl/x509/MarySueCert.pem
/etc/swanctl/private/MarySueKey.pem

/etc/swanctl/swanctl.conf:

FreeBSD -- upgrade

Sat, 11 Jan 2025 21:24:00 +0000

Jak zaktualizować FreeBSD 13 do FreeBSD 14

KB

Bash -- pliki konfiguracyjne

More information

Recommended content

Refs

ViM -- sprawdzanie pisowni

Włączanie/wyłączanie

Używanie

More information

XF86 -- multimedia key symbols

More information

Recommended content

Refs

Miller i CSV

Firefox - PIP

hledger

SSH - host key

More information

Recommended content

Refs

MikroTik - downgrade

IPsec VPN

Generowanie certyfikatu CA

Generowanie CA dla punktu końcowego

Konfiguracja połączenia

Host-to-Host

FreeBSD -- upgrade